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| 1192 |
| | | Richard I, returning from the Holy Land in disguise, is recognized in an inn near Vienna and is imprisoned until England pays a massive ransom | |
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| 1260 |
| | | The Bohemian prince Otakar II, ruler also of Austria, extends his territories after defeating the Hungarians at Kressenbrunn | |
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| 1273 |
| | | The period without a German king, known as the Great Interregnum, ends with the election of a Habsburg prince, Rudolf I | |
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| 1278 |
| | | At Dürnkrut Rudolf I defeats and kills Otakar II, his rival for Austria - thus bringing the Austrian territories into the Habsburg domain | |
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| 1356 |
| | | Charles IV establishes a permanent group of seven electors - four hereditary German rulers and the archbishops of Mainz, Cologne and Trier | |
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| 1438 |
| | | The office of Holy Roman emperor becomes a hereditary title within the Habsburg dynasty | |
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| 1458 |
| | | Matthias Corvinus begins a long reign which brings Moravia, Silesia and much of Austria within the Hungarian kingdom | |
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| 1477 |
| | | Maximilian, heir to Austria, weds Mary, heiress to Burgundy, in the first of the great marriage alliances which form the Habsburg empire | |
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| 1485 |
| | | Matthias Corvinus, king of Hungary, captures Vienna and makes the city his capital | |
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| 1487 |
| | | The Fuggers make their first loan to a Habsburg archduke, beginning a profitable link with the dynasty | |
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